Rajakaluve encroachment clearance: Delay by Tehsildar

BBMP officials are waiting for orders in eight zones

Kere Manjunath ಕೆರೆ ಮಂಜುನಾಥ್

Bengaluru: BBMP Chief Commissioner Tushar Girinath informed that the Tahsildars did not give orders for the pressure relief operation of Rajakaluve.

The Tehsildar has been given a deadline of February 10 and 15 to issue a notice regarding Rajkaluve encroachment areas and give eviction orders. He said that as soon as the order comes, all the encroachments will be cleared.

 In case of encroachment in low-lying and sensitive areas where rain-flooding is to be prevented, surveyors should carry out survey work on priority. 

Tushar Girinath suggested in the review meeting held on Friday regarding Rajakaluve encroachment clearance operation that the Tahsildar should immediately issue an encroachment clearance order in such cases.

The concerned land surveyor should prepare the map without making any distinction between the land surveying discipline and the application of the village map and notes. The Tahsildar passed the order and directed the RPAD to get the acknowledgment through post as well.

Land Survey, Revenue and Land Records Department Commissioner Munish Moudgil, BBMP Special Commissioner Dr. Trilok Chandra, PN Ravindra, Reddy Shankara Babu, Dr. Harish Kumar, Preeti Gehlot, Deputy Commissioner Rahul Sharanappa Sankanur were present.

 Encroachment increase in Mahadevpur:

 Currently 130 survey numbers are occupied in Mahadevpur zone. Encroachments were identified in 159 new survey numbers. Tehsildar has issued encroachment eviction orders for 131 survey numbers. The authorities concerned directed to immediately clear the encroachments issued by the notice. The remaining 146 survey numbers encroachment orders should be issued by the concerned Tehsildar on priority basis. 62 cases are in High Court. West and R.R. Nagar zone  an additional one encroachment case each was identified. 

There is no removal in the RR Nagara, Dasarahalli

 BBMP RR Nagar and Dasarahalli zones There are 33 and 124 encroachment cases in respectively, and no eviction operation has been conducted since last November.

 BDA encroachment is legalised!

"BDA enroached Rajakaluve in 15 cases in East Zone. BDA has constructed a road in this encroachment area and there is no flooding here. Thus, the process of eviction of these encroachment cases will be abandoned," BBMP said in a report detailing Rajkaluve's encroachment.

 In the Koramangala Valley region of the South Zone, Rajakaluve has been encroached in three cases, and the area in these three cases has been given by BBMP on lease basis. So it is not cleared.

 The Zonal Commissioner of Yalahanka was instructed on December 13 to clear encroachment in 12 cases in Yalahanka zone. That work is still pending.

 Land grabbing has been done in 56 cases in Bengaluru South assembly constituency of Bommanahalli zone. No action on this. Another case is in court.

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಲು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ...

ರಾಜಕಾಲುವೆ ಒತ್ತುವರಿ ತೆರವು: ತಹಶೀಲ್ದಾರ್‌ರಿಂದ ವಿಳಂಬ

Karnataka: River water is not fit for drinking

State Pollution Control Board Report

17 River water is not fit for drinking

Kere Manjunath ಕೆರೆ ಮಂಜುನಾಥ್

25 January 2023

Bengaluru: The water of any river in the state including Krishna, Kaveri, Tungabhadra, Kabini, Shinsha, Malaprabha, Ghataprabha, Bhima, Hemavati, Netravati, Yagachi, Karanja is not suitable for drinking without treatment.

The State Pollution Control Board on Tuesday published the report on the water quality of rivers and lakes from April to November 2022 under the National Water Quality Scheme. According to this, the water quality of rivers and lakes of the state is declining.

The Pollution Control Board has 103 inspection stations in various districts in the flow of 17 rivers of the state. From there take a water sample and check it, recording the quality. As the Karanja river sample was not collected in Bidar, its report is not given. Water levels are identified in five categories.

Netravati river water flowing in Dharamsthala was bathable in October. However, in the November report, the pollution has increased and has slipped from B category to C category. As a result, this water is not even suitable for bathing outdoors. Kumaradhara river before joining Netravati in Uppinangadi city of Mangalore, Kagina river in Kalaburagi, water of Suvarnavati reservoir at Attigullipura of Chamarajanagar, water of Bhadra river near Bhadravati MPM has increased pollution and has fallen from B category to C category.

Tungabhadra water level in Davangere has lost its drinking quality and has fallen from 'C' category to 'D' category. The confluence of Sangam and Kanakapura in Ramanagara, Cauvery in Sangam, Sedam in Kalaburagi, Kagina in Shahabad bridge and Bennitora reservoir, Bhima in Gangapur, Kattemalalavadi in Mysore and Lakshmanatheerth in Mysore, Tungabhadra in Davanagere, yedeyuru in Tumkur are potable. The Dakshina Pinakini river flowing in Sarjapur on the outskirts of Bangalore is in 'E' category, metal-rich and polluted.

The water of 17 rivers of the state is not suitable for direct drinking. Not only that, it is known from the state pollution control board report that there is no potable water source even after normal treatment.

Water Quality of Rivers (November 2022)

 103: Checkpoints

 0– Class A: Drinking water source. It requires conventional processing first.

 19- Class B: Can be used for outdoor bathing.

 67– Class C: Source of drinking water. But, first disinfection and then conventional processing should be done.

 15 – Class D: Potable for wildlife and fishable

 1– E Class: Metal, impure, treated and used for irrigation, industry

Pollution of Lakes: 

The Pollution Control Board has tested the water quality of 69 lakes in districts other than Bangalore, and there are no 'A' class lakes. Bairamangala and Ramamma Lakes in Ramanagara, Melekote in Tumkur, Bhimasandra Lake, Dalwai in Mysore, Oilhole Lake, Hassan Mathana and Howali Lakes are in 'E' category. There are 5 lakes in 'B' category, 18 in 'C' category and 32 in 'D' category.

Bengaluru Lakes Water: Wildlife Drinkable!

Pollution Control Board is testing water quality in 106 lakes of Bangalore city. Of these, only 66 lakes have water suitable for drinking and fishing by wildlife. The rest of the lakes are the site of impurities including metal and sewage.

Subramanyapura, Mallattahalli, Dorekere, Hoskerehalli, Shivapura, Karihobanahalli, Dasarahalli, Gangondanahalli, Andhrahalli, Kachohalli, Vishwaneedam, Machohalli, Dodbidarakallu, Bommanahalli, Madiwala, Hulimavu, Singasandra, Parappana Agrahara, Haralur, Maharapadarapur, Maharajadevapura under Rajarajeshwarinagar range. , Vibhutipur, Chellakere in Yalahanka range, Singapore, Narasipura, Rachenahalli, Kogilu, Halasur in the eastern part, Bairasandra lakes are the sites of metallic impurities. There are no lakes in category A, B, C. There are 66 lakes in 'D' category and 40 lakes in 'E' category. The number of lakes in category 'E' has increased in November as compared to October.

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಲು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ...

ನದಿ ನೀರು ನೇರ ಸೇವನೆಗೆ ಅಯೋಗ್ಯ: ರಾಜ್ಯ ಮಾಲಿನ್ಯ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಮಂಡಳಿ ವರದಿ

CD waste: Building waste that does not reach the treatment plant

C&D waste: Violation of Central Government, Municipal Corporation Act

Kere Manjunath ಕೆರೆ ಮಂಜುನಾಥ್

23 January 2023

Bengaluru: Central and state government departments are not following the rule to send construction and demolition (C&D) waste to processing units.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has notified that the C&D waste should not be disposed of on roads and canals but should be sent to the treatment plant, which should be managed by the BBMP. Accordingly, BBMP has issued an announcement in 2019 itself, but it has not been implemented till now.

There are many works going on in the city and C&D waste is being generated. But not moving to the processing unit. There is a processing plant with a capacity of 1 thousand metric tons per day at Chikkajala and 750 metric tons at Kannur near Bagaluru. However, only each 100 metric tons of C&D waste is collected per day for these two units.  per metric ton ₹134 to be paid to the processing unit.

Although thousands of metric tons of C&D waste are generated in the city every day, according to rules it has to reach the treatment plant. But all that is being disposed of on roadsides, quarries and lake areas. BBMP is not even taking legal action. Environmental activist Ramprasad complained that they are not even recycling.

Not coming to unit...Losing...

Two C&D waste treatment units have been set up at a cost of ₹5 crore each. We have set up the Rock Crystals unit at Chikkajala in our own space. The unit has been set up on land provided by BBMP in Kannur village near Bagalur. C&D waste is not coming here at the expected level. So we are not being processed. Although there is a demand for processed material, it cannot be supplied. Coming to the C&D waste treatment units generated everywhere in the city, approximately five to six units need to be set up. But the waste is not coming to the existing two units, and we are suffering losses," said Rajesh of Crystals unit.

What is the rule?

Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change: Hazardous disposal of C&D waste is adversely affecting water bodies, air quality. Thus, the 'Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules- 2016' has been enacted to protect natural resources. According to this notification C&D waste should be disposed of scientifically. Also, the notification has issued that at least 20% of processed recycled products such as screened sand and granular subbase should be used in construction work and road works. This should be incorporated in the tenders clause. These rules should be published publicly. Violators are also advised to take action as per the provisions of the Environment Protection Act, 1986 and the Karnataka Municipal Corporation Act, 1976 and all applicable laws.

Who is applicable?

BMRCL, NHAI, Indian Railways, Airport Authorities, Telecom Operators, CPWD, GAIL, BBMP, BWSSB, BESCOM, KPTCL, BDA, PWD.

Letter to Departments: Tushar Girinath

The issue of C&D not reaching the waste treatment plant is in focus. All the departments including BBMP should responsibly deliver this waste to the treatment plant. A letter will be written to all the departments about this once again and they will be made aware. BBMP Chief Commissioner Tushar Girinath said that legal action will be taken if that is not the case.

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಲು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ...

ಸಂಸ್ಕರಣೆ ಘಟಕಕ್ಕೆ ತಲುಪದ ಕಟ್ಟಡ ತ್ಯಾಜ್ಯ: ಕಾಯ್ದೆ ಉಲ್ಲಂಘನೆ

Jayanagar assembly constituency

 BJP is trying to regain control

Kere Manjunath ಕೆರೆ ಮಂಜುನಾಥ್

20 January 2023

Vijayakumar's personal charisma led the BJP to win twice in the Jayanagar Assembly Constituency. Vijayakumar, who was confident of achieving a hat-trick, died after becoming a candidate in the last election. The election was postponed for a month.

Ramalinga Reddy's daughter Soumya Reddy had won the elections held after the formation of the Congress-JDS coalition government. BJP, which had given ticket to Vijayakumar's brother Prahlad, the dream of winning by getting sympathy votes remained the same. 2 So this time again BJP is trying hard to take the constituency under its wing. Ticket aspirants have also increased.

Although Jayanagar, which includes prestigious layouts, is quite advanced in terms of development, there are no less small gaps. There are problems like roads, potholes and drains. Waste management issues come up frequently. There are important cases like Rajkaluve encroachment. This is the constituency where BJP's corporators are the most. Thus, it is estimated that this time's assembly constituency election competition will be different.

There is a possibility that Congress will give ticket to Soumya Reddy again. JDS withdrew from the contest last time as there was a coalition government. Ramalingareddy worked full-time in the field on behalf of his daughter. This time the picture will change. Both constituencies will have to be looked after by Ramalingareddy himself.

BJP, which had lost by a margin of about two thousand votes last time, has tried hard to regain the constituency this time. Those who were corporators are now at the forefront. They are ready to contest the Congress which won last time with the overall efforts of father and daughter.

Even when Vijayakumar contested the election, it was the corporators who managed the election. In it, C.K. Ramamurthy is in front, he is a ticket aspirant with the support of the community along with the work he has done as a corporator, the development work done by his wife as a corporator and the support of two other corporators. N.R. Ramesh is campaigning through his struggles and he has kept the Jayanagar constituency as his first choice. S.K. Nataraj, who had developed an image as a mayor, was a BJP ticket aspirant in 2008. He was also a rebel candidate without getting a ticket. As per the promise, he got back the nomination paper that day. He is now a strong aspirant.

Ravikrishnareddy contested as an independent candidate last time and got the third highest number of votes (1,861). Kalegowda of the JDS had withdrawn from the fray last time on the instructions of the coalition government.

 Sitting MLA: Soumya Reddy (Congress)

 2018 election

 1; Congress; 53,411

 2; BJP; 51,568

 3; Independent; 1,861

 –––––

 2013 election

 1; BJP; 43,895

 2; Congress; 31,642

 3;JDS;12,074

 –––––

 2008 election

 1; BJP; 43,164

 2;JDS;20,570

 3; Congress; 11,882

 ––––––

 Details of current voters

 Males; 1,01,537

 Females; 1,00,073

 Gender minorities; 15

 Total; 2,01,625

 ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಲು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ...

ಜಯನಗರ: ಮತ್ತೆ ಹಿಡಿತಕ್ಕೆ ಪಡೆಯಲು ಬಿಜೆಪಿ ಶತಪ್ರಯತ್ನ

BbMp: Negligence of Qualified Contractor: Complaint

Amruta Urban Development Project: ₹90 crore package in Dasarahalli

Kere Manjunath ಕೆರೆ ಮಂಜುನಾಥ್

Bengaluru: A complaint has been submitted to the Additional Chief Secretary of the Urban Development Department that there was an irregularity in sanctioning tenders for the Chief Minister's Amrita Amruth Nagarothana Project in Dasarahalli Assembly Constituency and qualified contractors were neglected.

Tenders were invited on July 11, 2022 in 6 packages (KW-4) under Amruth Nagarothana Yojana in Dasarahalli Assembly Constituency for ₹90 crore grant works. Eight contractors participated in this tender. Documents were also submitted in e-procurement. Checked the technical aspects on October 17. In a meeting presided over by the Chief Commissioner on October 29, the tender process was cancelled and a re-tender was decided.

Eligible contractors have submitted appeals through e-procurement as to why they have been neglected and the tender has been cancelled. But they did not get an answer. Re-tender was called on November 8 and seven contractors participated. In a meeting chaired by the Chief Commissioner on December 29, two packages each were sanctioned to two contractors and the other two to two.

The rejected contractor, MSV Constructions, filed an appeal through e-procurement. However, no information has been given so far. Also, three contractors awarded tenders for 6 packages do not meet the criteria. Bid capacity is not calculated under the Karnataka Transparency in Public Procurement Act (KTPP). Advocate K.N.Pradeep Kumar filed a complaint along with the document said on behalf of the contractor that, Umesh, Siddegowda and Benaka developers have been facilitated in violation of all norms without obtaining technical evaluation which is compared year by year in the work confirmation letter. 

Dasarahalli Zone Executive Engineer M.T. Balaji and Chief Engineer R. Ranganath has wrongly submitted the file to the Principal Engineer and Chief Engineer that he has fulfilled the criteria to favor his acquaintances. Therefore, the tender order should be completely cancelled.

Executive Engineer M.T. Balaji responded, 'When this tender was invited for the first time, some were transferred by the Chief Commissioner because the evaluation was not correct. Therefore, the tender was called for the second time and everything has been fixed,' he said. Chief Engineer R. Ranganath did not respond when contacted about this.

 'Illegal everywhere'

``In the Chief Minister's Amruta Nagarothana Project, a grant of ₹6,000 crore has been given, in which tenders have been invited at the executive engineer level, sector-wise. Qualified contractors are neglected to enable their acquaintances. Standards are not followed. The tender was sanctioned under cover of this by the Chief Commissioner. This kind of illegality has arisen not only in Dasarahalli Assembly Constituency, but in all constituencies. A complaint has been filed to conduct a comprehensive investigation and take action in this regard," said advocate K.N. Pradeep Kumar.

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಲು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ...

ಅಮೃತ ನಗರೋತ್ಥಾನ: ಅರ್ಹ ಗುತ್ತಿಗೆದಾರರ ನಿರ್ಲಕ್ಷ್ಯ

Padmanabhanagar Assembly Constituency

Congress resistance to the title of MLA to Ashoka for the fourth time

Kere Manjunath ಕೆರೆ ಮಂಜುನಾಥ್

Bengaluru: Three times after the formation of Padmanabhanagar Assembly Constituency, R. Ashoka is a 'hat-trick' MLA and has handled many portfolios in the government including the current revenue department. Although Congress and JDS are giving him competition, they have not been able to defeat him. This time, Congress is going to give a competition beyond all that.

When it comes to development, the work to be done under the purview of BBMP is in the era of dynamic corporators. However, graveyards, playgrounds, schools-colleges are not as per requirement in Padmanabhanagar constituency. Although the drinking water plants are on the Raj canals, they are not functioning. BGP leaders from this constituency held many positions including BBMP member, ruling party leader, standing committee chairman. Then the development works of the respective wards took place. However, there is only one BBMP school in this area where slums and poor people are the most. Many demands for the establishment of schools and colleges have not been met at the level of legislators. Lack of infrastructure is evident.

R. Ashoka from BJP this time too is likely to be the candidate. If there is any change in the mind of leaders of Delhi, the former corporators of this field are ready to enter the fray. In this L. Srinivas, A.H. Basavaraju is in the forefront. N.R. Ramesh is also an aspirant.

A local, contractor Raghunath Naidu is a strong aspirant in the Congress this time. Having set up the party's main office in Padmanabhanagar constituency for a couple of years, he was at the forefront of many protests including Mekedatu, Bharat Jodo Padayatra. He is the backbone for the protests, fights of KPCC President D.K. Shivakumar, Siddaramaiah, Ramalingareddy and they are hoping to get the ticket this time and attract the core votes of the Congress, including the Naidu community. Apart from him, former Mayor Venkatesh Murthy has joined the Congress and is seeking the support of the voters who came with him as a corporator including the community vote. Gurappa Naidu, who lost in 2008 and withdrew at the last moment despite getting B Form last time, and Sanjay Gowda, who is currently campaigning, are also interested in contesting. JD(S), which always nominates its candidate at the last moment, has not made any preparations this time either.

 Sitting MLA: R. Ashoka (BJP)

 2018 election

 1; BJP; 77,868

 2;JDS;45,702

 3; Congress; 33,400

 –––––

 2013 election

 1; BJP; 53,563

 2; Congress; 33,503

 3;JDS;26,183

 –––––

 2008 election

 1; BJP; 61,561

 2;JDS;30,285

 3; Congress; 22,158

 ––––––

 Details of current voters

 Men; 1,37,250

 Women; 1,32,030

 Gender minorities; 17

 Total; 2,69,297

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಲು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ...

ಪದ್ಮನಾಭನಗರ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರ ಸ್ಥಿತಿ–ಗತಿ: ಅಶೋಕಗೆ ಕೈ– ದಳ ಪೈಪೋಟಿ 

Cancellation of job code worth of ₹8 thousand crore

More than 40 thousand job code not tendered in BBMP dismissed

Kere Manjunath ಕೆರೆ ಮಂಜುನಾಥ್

15 January 2023

Bengaluru: More than 40 thousand job codes that were not tendered in BBMP have been canceled and misappropriation of ₹7,931 crore has been prevented.

During the period of 11 years, job codes were given according to the BBMP budget for various works including roads and sewers. These job codes remain with BBMP officers, ex-corporators. Using it to their advantage, they would call for tenders.

Some have made money by selling these job codes to others. Often tenders were called using these job codes. But now, the job codes of all works issued from 2010 to 2021 have been canceled in IFMS software. During this period 960 works have been called for tender and the work has been completed and approval has been given.

BBMP Finance Department Special Commissioner Jayaram Raipur reviewed all the job codes issued since 2010 and canceled 45,781 job codes.

In 2011, when a scam worth ₹1539 crore was exposed in Gandhinagar, Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Malleswara divisions, where work code and fake bills were issued for unworked works, then Commissioner Siddaiah decided to hand over the case to CID. Then he was transferred.

Job code in the budget.

Till 2021, job codes were given for the works included in the BBMP budget. They used to give it in the form of stamp paper. Some kept these to themselves. According to their requirement, tenders were called and the work was done. There was no maximum duration for these job codes. Tenders could still be called. We should have released the money if everyone signed that the work was done. All works are going on from April 2021 through e-Procure. Job code is now given after tendering. Thus all previous job codes were checked. The job code for all works except individual house construction works has been abolished. We are not able to pay for those works. Thus, about ₹8 thousand crores of money that could have come for the bill in the future has been saved," said Jayaram Raipur, Special Commissioner of BBMP Finance Department.

Details of cancellation of mandate

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಲು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ...

ಬಿಬಿಎಂಪಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ₹8 ಸಾವಿರ ಕೋಟಿ ಮೌಲ್ಯದ ಜಾಬ್ ಕೋಡ್ ರದ್ದು

Apartment: Problem with EV 'charging point'

Facility not in BBMP Bylaws; Electric Vehicle Owners in trouble

Kere Manjunath ಕೆರೆ ಮಂಜುನಾಥ್

14 January 2023

BENGALURU: Electric vehicles (EVs), which are increasingly being produced and sold because they are less polluting and more economical, have become a problem for some apartments. Flat owners are not getting permission to set up a separate 'charging point'.

Flat owners are planning to set up a charging point in the parking area for EV charging. The vehicle company adopts it. But, they need a No Objection certificate (NOC) from the association. Some Associates refused to issue this NOC. This is not allowed in the building bylaws either. Therefore, some flat owners have written to the Energy Department, Bescom and requested them to take action.

The Additional Secretary of the Energy Department, who has considered the requests, said that there is a problem in installing electric vehicle charging points in private complexes. The building construction by-law needs to be amended. She sent a note on December 26 saying that the urban development department should check this.

I requested for installation of charging facility plug from the meter in our flat in the apartment. However, the association has not given permission. They say that the entire parking area will be damaged,' complained Ranjan.

If four vehicles are allowed to have separate charging facilities in the parking area, the ground will be damaged. There are wires everywhere. It also becomes a problem from the point of view of safety,' said Srinivas of an apartment residents' association.

Parking area in apartments is a 'common floor utility' space and if 'charging point' is allowed in this area, it all becomes commercial. Accordingly, electricity tariff has to be paid to Bescom. It is the argument of Apartment Residents Associations that it will be a burden on everyone else with the benefit of four or five vehicles.

Use of Kiosks is better...

Kiosks installed by private organizations free of cost for charging electric vehicles in apartments are good. All managed by the organization, vehicle charging can be done in prepaid facility through QR code. It also happens quickly. Credai-Bangalore President Bhaskar T Nagendrappa said that no one will be bothered by this.

New bylaw ready..

The Building Construction By-laws (Bylaws) were framed in 2003 under BBMP. These were revised and many new rules were framed and a 'New Bylaw' was prepared. The draft bylaw has been sent to the Directorate of Town and Country Planning (DTCP) for approval. It will be implemented as soon as it is approved. Girish, Additional Director, Urban Planning Department, BBMP, said once new bylaw comes into force there will be no problem in installing the charging facility.

Electrical and Computer Engineering Building (ECEB) clause has been included in building plan approval since six months. Provision should be made for charging points in such buildings. But this does not apply to buildings whose plans have been obtained six months back. He informed that after the new bye-law comes, rules will have to be made to apply it to the old buildings as well.

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಲು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ...

ಚಾರ್ಜಿಂಗ್‌ ಪಾಯಿಂಟ್‌ಗೆ ತೊಡಕು: ಅಪಾರ್ಟ್‌ಮೆಂಟ್‌ಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ವಾಹನ ಮಾಲೀಕರ ಪೇಚಾಟ